Abstract

MONTES, Felix et al. Efecto vasodilatador del levosimendan sobre los conductos arteriales utilizados en cirugía de revascularización coronaria. Rev. colomb. anestesiol. [online]. 2005, vol.33, n.1, pp.9-16. ISSN 0120-3347.

Introduction: Levosimendan is a pyridazinone-dinitrile derivate that increases myocardial contractility by stabilizing the Ca++ troponinc bound . It is also a pulmonary and systemic vasodilator. Levosimendan has been used successfully to treat low cardiac output states after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. However, it unknown whether this drug can be used for the treatment of perioperative spasm of coronary artery bypass grafts. The purpose of this study is to investigate the in vitro effect of levosimendan on human internal mammary artery (IMA) to obtain scientific evidence before the clinical application. Methods:Human IMA segments were taken from 85 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. The distal segments were collected and cut into 3 mm long rings. The rings were stretched to their optimal resting tension in organ baths containing 25 ml of Krebs solution, maintained at 37°C and aerated with 95% O₂ and 5% CO₂ mixture. After equilibration they were constricted submaximally (50 to 80%) with norepinephine (10-5.5 M) or thromboxano A₂ mimetic U46619. Nitroglycerin (NTG), milrinone(MIL) and levosimendan (LEV) were added in a cumulative fashion to relax the preparations and the concentration response curves for relaxation were constructed. In parallel experiments the presence or absence of functional endothelium was tested by the response to acetyl-choline (10-6 mol/L) in rings precontracted with norepinephrine (10-5.5 M) and the response to levosimendan was evaluated. Results:Increasing concentrations of NTG, MIL and LEVO relaxed norepinephrine or U46619 constricted human IMA. There was no significant difference in the relaxing effect of levosimendan between rings with and without endothelium. Conclusions:Levosimendan produced a concentration-dependent relaxation of the IMA rings similar to the relaxation obtained with other vasodilators. With its combination of positive inotropic and vasodilator actions, it may be beneficial in the perioperative treatment of vasospasm in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Keywords : Vasodilator agents; cardiac surgical procedures.

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