Resumo

ESTRADA, Carlos de la Paz; LEYVA RODRIGUEZ, Idamaris; REYES RODRIGUEZ, Marilin  e  MAJENDIE NARANJO, Alexis. Analgesia preventiva con tramadol y diclofenaco en cirugía maxilofacial. Rev. colomb. anestesiol. [online]. 2006, vol.34, n.1, pp.15-19. ISSN 0120-3347.

Antecedents:The pre-emptive analgesia is obtained by means of the administration of drugs that have interaction with chemical receptors, avoiding alterations in the nociceptción process. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the diclofenac and tramadol to alleviate the postoperative pain. Material and Methods: We carried out a prospective longitudinal study in 74 patients subjected to maxilofacial surgery in the Hospital «Guillermo Luis Fernández Hernández-Baquero», Holguín, Cuba, from January to September 2005 whose ages oscillated between 18 and 55 years. They presented physical state I, according to classification of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. They were allocated randomly in two groups: Group I diclofenac: 50 mg (n=37), Group II tramadol: 1 mg/kg (n=37). They underwent orotracheal general anesthesia with propofol 2 mg/kg-1, previous use of vecuronio 0.1 mg/kg-1. Maintenance was with nitrous oxide-oxygen and fentanil in continuous infusion, according to the patient's demand, as well as vecuronio infusion at 1µg/kg-1/min-1. We evaluated intensity of the pain through the Visual Analoge Scale, heart rate and blood pressure measure in the perioperative period.Results: good analgesia was obtained with both medications in the postoperative period, there was not difference statistically significant among them (p=0.29). Conclusions: There was a favorable evolution of the pain in both groups. Adverse effects were nauseas in 1 patient (2.7%) and vomit in 2 patients (5.4%), all with tramadol.

Palavras-chave : Analgesia; postoperative pain; diclofenac; tramadol.

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