Abstract

ESPINO, Alma  and  SAUVAL, María. Obstacles to Economic Empowerment? Limiting Factors to Women's Job-Placement and Employment Quality: The Chilean Case. Desarro. soc. [online]. 2016, n.77, pp.305-360. ISSN 0120-3584.  https://doi.org/10.13043/DYS.77.8.

This paper explains the differences in men and women's labor market outcomes. We distinguish between intrinsic and imposed gender constraints on women's participation in the labor market in Chile. Using data from the 2011 survey "Encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica Nacional", we apply probability models to five stages of labor trajectories, decomposing gender gaps at each stage. Results confirm that women's labor supply is restricted by the existence of cultural barriers associated with the traditional sexual division of labor. This hinders their job market performance, leading to jobs with higher informa lity levels and lower levels of job quality in comparison to men. In addition, we find that institutional mechanisms reproduce these limitations through discrimi nation and segregation.

Keywords : gender (Thesaurus); Economic empowerment; intrinsic constraints; imposed constraints; labor market (author's key words).

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