Resumo

MOTTA-PASCUAS, Andrea Jimena; USTARIZ-DURAN, Mario Alfonso  e  ORDONEZ-CARMONA, Oswaldo. Identification, analysis and evaluation of risks associated with gold mining in Marmato, Caldas. Bol. cienc. tierra [online]. 2018, n.44, pp.21-30. ISSN 0120-3630.  https://doi.org/10.15446/rbct.n44.61646.

In the municipality of Marmato, region in which the mining tradition of gold has been present for over 450 years, the weak planning and the lack presence of the State, has caused an mining environmental crisis that goes from the uncontrolled and chaotic opening of UPM across the municipality, until overlapping titles and the vulnerability of some areas as a result of improper disposal of sterile material throughout its slopes. As a consequence of such a scenario, the research conducted in the Marmato Mining District (DMM) in order to identify, analyze and evaluate the risks associated with gold mining in 240 UPM with reference to the methodology described in the Manual for Risk Assessment of Abandoned Mining Operations or Paralyzed (FMA/P), where we present calculations and standard features like the Rigour of the Consequences (SC) related to the damage that can be generated by the presence of the risk over a receptor, be it a human being or the environment, as well as the calculation of the Probability Index (IP) which is obtained by a two variables matricial combination. One of those variables is linked to the time in which the receptor is exposed to the risk. Added to the estimation of these variables, it is necessary a delimitation of each scenario which is why we define risk scenarios by security (ERS) and by contamination (ERC) in order to prioritize them at the Mining Distict. The main conclusion we got is that there's a high probability of occurrence of a landslide or avalanche on the top of the DMM and a possible way to find a solution is formulating infrastructure projects to exploit the sterile material collected from the UPM.

Palavras-chave : mining risks; gold mining tradition; Marmato mining district.

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