Abstract

MANZANO-SANCHEZ, Harold. Gender Differences in the Choice of a University Career in High School Students. Rev. colomb. educ. [online]. 2023, n.88, pp.299-322.  Epub Jan 23, 2024. ISSN 0120-3916.  https://doi.org/10.17227/rce.num88-13729.

This article analyzed the association between parents' educational level, academic performance on the Saber 11 test, and university self-efficacy to explain college aspirations in 11th high school students. The analysis was based on Social Cognitive Career Theory (sed). 183 high school students from 4 public educational institutions in Cali participated in the study. This descriptive and inferential study used a path analysis to evaluate three hypothetical models -general, women, and men -where (1) the educational level of the parents influences academic performance in the Saber 11 test; in turn, (2) the Saber 11 test influences university self-efficacy and (3) college aspirations; finally, (4) college self-efficacy influences college aspirations. Findings present a statistically positive and significant relationship between the Saber 11 test and self-efficacy and between self-efficacy and college aspirations in general and men's models. The women's model only found a statistically positive and significant relationship between self-efficacy and college aspirations. Contrary to previous studies, no relationship was found between parents' educational level and the Saber 11 test, nor between these and college aspirations. College readiness programs should guide their educational actions to reduce career stereotypes, strengthen the students' beliefs in their academic abilities, and provide meaningful learning experiences for professional and occupational construction of paths adjusted to students' capabilities and the demands of a changing world.

Keywords : access to education; entrance examinations; occupational choice; vocational training; motivation.

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