Distribución de genes codificadores de &beta;-lactamasas de espectro extendido en aislamientos de Klebsiella pneumoniae de hospitales de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia

Pulido, Ingrid Yamile; Mantilla, José Ramón; Valenzuela, Emilia María; Reguero, María Teresa; Gonzalez, Elsa Beatriz

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Biomédica

Print version ISSN 0120-4157

Abstract

PULIDO, Ingrid Yamile et al. Distribution of extended spectrum β-lactamases-codifying genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospitals of Bogota, D.C., Colombia. Biomédica [online]. 2011, vol.31, n.1, pp.15-20. ISSN 0120-4157.

Introduction. Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) are the most widely distributed enzymes in Enterobacteriaceae of Latin America and are key enzymes in resistance to antibiotics in common use. However, in Colombia, little information is available concerning the identity of genes coding for these enzymes in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Objective. The bla genes were identified in K. pneumoniae isolated from hospitals in Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Materials and methods. One hundred seventy-seven isolates of ESBL producers were collected from 10 hospitals in Bogota between 2003 and 2005. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion, and the number of β-lactamases in each isolate was assessed by isoelectric focusing. bla_CTX-M, bla_SHVand bla_TEM were identified by PCR and subsequent sequencing. Results. Besides, the resitenance to third generation cephalosporins, 44.7 % and 49.7 % were resistant to amikacyn and thrimetoprim-sulaphametoxazole respectively. Lower resistance rates to other antibiotics were observed as well. An average of three β-lactamases were detected by isoelectric focusing, and the genes bla_CTX-M-12 (56.0%) and bla_SHV-12 (33.3%) were the most prevalent. bla_SHV-5 (11.8%), bla_CTX-M-1-1 (4.0%), bla_SHV-27 (2.8%), bla_SHV-2 (2.8%), bla_CTX-M-1-2 (1.7%) and bla_CTX-M-1-15 (0.6%) were present in smaller percentages. In addition, three genes were identified that coded for narrow spectrum β-lactamases. Conclusion. Eleven bla genes were identified, eight of which were ESBL-coding. The diversity of the bla genes suggested a continuing exposure of K. pneumoniae to strong antibiotic pressures in Bogota hospitals.

Keywords : Klebsiella pneumoniae; beta-lactamases; drug resistance; bacterial; sequence analysis; DNA; molecular epidemiology; Colombia.

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