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Biomédica

versão impressa ISSN 0120-4157

Resumo

HERRERA, Mónica Tatiana; ARTUNDUAGA, Jhon Jhamilton; ORTIZ, Claudia Cristina  e  TORRES, Rodrigo Gonzalo. Synthesis of antibiotic loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Biomédica [online]. 2017, vol.37, n.1, pp.11-21. ISSN 0120-4157.  https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v37i1.2995.

Introduction:

Polymeric nanoparticles are promising nanotechnology tools to fight pathogenic bacteria resistant to conventional antibiotics.

Objective:

To synthesize polylactic acid nanoparticles loaded with ofloxacin and vancomycin, and to determine their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Materials and methods:

We synthesized ofloxacin or vancomycin loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles by the emulsification-solvent evaporation method, and characterized them by dynamic light scattering,

laser Doppler electrophoresis and scanning electron microscopy. We evaluated in vitro antibacterial activity of ofloxacin- and vancomycin-loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles against E. coli O157:H7 and MRSA using the broth microdilution method.

Results:

Ofloxacin- and vancomycin-loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles registered a positive surface charge density of 21 mV and an average size lower than 379 nm. In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) of ofloxacin-polylactic acid nanoparticles was 0,001 μg/ml against E. coli O157:H7, i.e., 40 times lower than the free ofloxacin (MIC50: 0.04 μg/ml), indicating enhanced antibacterial activity while the in vitro MIC50 of vancomycin-polylactic acid nanoparticles was 0,005 μg/ml against MRSA, i.e., 100 times lower than that of free vancomycin (MIC50: 0.5 μg/ml).

Conclusion:

Polylactic acid nanoparticles loaded with ofloxacin and vancomycin showed a higher antibacterial activity. Polymeric nanoparticles are a possible alternative for drug design against pathogenic bacterial strains of public health interest.

Palavras-chave : Escherichia coli; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; nanoparticles: antibacterial agents.

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