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Biomédica

versión impresa ISSN 0120-4157versión On-line ISSN 2590-7379

Resumen

PUERTO, Jorge Andrés; URIBE, Susana; CALVO, Víctor  y  CARDONA, Ricardo. Impact of the allergen-specific immunotherapy in pediatric patients with asthma treated at a health institution in Colombia. Biomed. [online]. 2021, vol.41, n.3, pp.481-492.  Epub 22-Sep-2021. ISSN 0120-4157.  https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.5673.

Introduction:

Asthma is a chronic and potentially serious disease and 80% of the cases have an allergic etiology. In this sense, allergen-specific immunotherapy is an alternative that modulates the natural course of the disease.

Objective:

To evaluate the impact of immunotherapy in pediatric asthma patients treated at a health institution in Colombia.

Materials and methods:

We conducted an observational descriptive study with an analytical cross-sectional component. Sixty-two patients diagnosed with allergic asthma sensitized to dust mites and treated with at least 6 doses of mite immunotherapy were included. We assessed the impact of immunotherapy using the Asthma Control Test (ACT), the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) treatment scale, and spirometry values.

Results:

The ACT score before the start reported 30% of patients with uncontrolled asthma, 28% with good control, and 4% with totally controlled asthma. Of the patients with uncontrolled asthma, 46.7% achieved good control and 23.3% total control. Regarding patients' perception of improvement with the immunotherapy, 9.75% perceived a response of less than 50%, 45.2% one between 50% -90%, and 41.9% reported response equal to or greater than 90%. No significant changes in FEV1 values were found in spirometry.

Conclusions:

Significant changes in the ACT scores and the perception of disease improvement were observed in the population evaluated with specific mite immunotherapy, i.e., it had a positive impact on the natural course of the disease.

Palabras clave : Immunotherapy; asthma; pediatrics; mites; spirometry; rhinitis.

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