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Biomédica
Print version ISSN 0120-4157On-line version ISSN 2590-7379
Abstract
RODRIGUEZ, Edna Caterin et al. Characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamases in Colombian clinical isolates of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica between 1997 and 2022. Biomed. [online]. 2023, vol.43, n.3, pp.374-384. Epub Sep 30, 2023. ISSN 0120-4157. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.6891.
Introduction.
Salmonella spp. is a zoonotic pathogen transmitted to humans through contaminated water or food. The presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases is a growing public health problem because these enzymes are resistant to third and fourth generation cephalosporins.
Objective.
To characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Salmonella spp. isolates received by the acute diarrheal disease/foodborne disease surveillance program of the Grupo de Microbiología of the Instituto Nacional de Salud.
Materials and methods.
A total of 444 Salmonella spp. isolates, resistant to at least one of the cephalosporins, were obtained between January 1997 and June 2022. The extended- spectrum β-lactamases phenotype was identified by the double disk test. DNA extraction was carried out by the boiling method, and the bla CTX-M, bla SHV, and bla TLM genes were amplified by PCR.
Results.
All the isolates were positive for the extended-spectrum β-lactamases test. The genes identified were: bla CTX-M + ba TLM (n=200), bla CTX-M (n=177), bla SHV(n=16), bla SHV + bla CTX-M (n=6), bla TLM (n=13) and bla SHV + bla CTX-M + bla TLM (n=3). Twenty-six isolates were negative for the evaluated genes. Positive extended-spectrum β-lactamases isolates were identified in Bogotá and 21 departments: Chocó, Magdalena, Meta, Bolívar, Casanare, Cesar, Córdoba, Quindío, Atlántico, Tolima, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Boyacá, Caldas, Norte de Santander, Risaralda, Antioquia, Nariño, Santander y Valle del Cauca.
Conclusion.
Resistance to third generation cephalosporins in Salmonella spp. isolates was mainly caused by bla CTX-M. Isolates were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (44 %; 197/444). The most frequent extended-spectrum β-lactamases-expressing serotypes were Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Infantis.
Keywords : Salmonella; drug resistance, bacterial; beta-lactamases.