Resumo

DUARTE, LUIS ORLADO; DIAZ-VESGA, ROY; CUELLO, FÉLIX  e  MANJARRES, LUIS. Seasonal Shift of Bycatch in the Artisanal Shrimp Trawl Fishery of the Gulf of Salamanca, Caribbean Sea of Colombia. Acta biol.Colomb. [online]. 2013, vol.18, n.2, pp.319-328. ISSN 0120-548X.

Bycatch assessments in trawl fisheries have been mainly referred to an annual scale, ignoring possible seasonal variations. In the Gulf of Salamanca, an artisanal shrimp trawl fleet operates recently and this study evaluates its bycatch for first time, considering the climatic and oceanographic seasonality that dominates the region (runoff and upwelling). 90 hauls in the calm or rainy season (November 2010) and 86 in the windy season (April 2011) were sampled on board of fishing boats. The bycatch to shrimp ratio was 2,69 (2,37 -3,21, 95 % CI) and 6,37 (5,10 - 8,24, 95 % CI) for the calm season and windy season respectively. We recorded a total of 101 taxa, with a large number of juveniles. The community structure of bycatch differed between seasons (ANOSIM, p < 0,001), being characterized both seasons by Stellifer spp., Symphurus caribbeanus y Callinectes sapidus, whereas, in addition, the calm season was characterized by Cathorops mapale, Anchovia clupeoides, Trichiurus lepturus, and the windy season by Larimus breviceps, Cnidaria (jellyfish), Cetengraulis edentulus (Simper). The results showed a seasonal change in the bycatch, raising the need to implement monitoring programs and management measures that address that temporal variability. Negative ecological effects of this fishery prompt the use of mitigation strategies, involving fishermen, to balance social needs and the ecosystem conservation.

Palavras-chave : ecosystem; vestuary; fisheries management; tropical; upwelling.

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