Abstract

ULISSES, Cláudia et al. Induction and Histology of Primary and Secondary Somatic Embryos of Phalaenopsis Hybrid Classic Spotted Pink (Orquidaceae). Acta biol.Colomb. [online]. 2016, vol.21, n.3, pp.571-578. ISSN 0120-548X.  https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v21n3.50032.

The present work had as objectives to induce the formation of somatic embryos in vitro on Phalaenopsis hybrid Classic Spotted Pink, using different nutrient medium and assess the internal morphology of these embryos by means of histological and histochemical analysis. Young leaves of plants grown in vitro were used as explants for induction of somatic embryos in different nutrient medium: New Dogashima Medium, containing ANA (0.537 μM) and BAP (4.440 μM) plus phytagel and with pH 5.8 (NDM) and the Murashige & Skoog with half the concentration of salts, plus NNA (0.537 μM) and TDZ (13.621 μM), jellied with gelrite and pH 5.2 (0.5 MS). Primary somatic embryos were obtained to 90 days of cultivation in half MS and have been transferred to the same means for obtaining of secondary embryos. The primary and secondary somatic embryos were subcultived for MS with half the concentration of salts, without fitoregulator subjected to photoperiod of 16 hours, which stimulated the production of chlorophyll in primary embryos as secondary, promoting the development of those in protocorms and later in plants. The histological analysis showed that the somatic embryos were formed directly from the epidermal layers of the explants, without going through the phase of callus, featuring direct somatic embryogenesis. The histochemical methods used made it possible to highlight the deposition of starch and lipids in cells embriogenics as a result of physiological mechanisms, enabling the development of primary and secondary embryos in plants. Therefore, the medium 0.5 MS Plus ANA (0.537 μM) and TDZ (13.621 μM), jellied with gelrite and pH 5.2 promoted to obtain primary and secondary embryos with ability to regenerate plants showing morphological similar the mother plant.

Keywords : anatomy; histochemistry in vitro cultivation; orchid.

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