Abstract

BOTERO-GONZALEZ, DANIELA; ARISTIZABAL, JUAN FERNANDO  and  ORTIZ, MARIO. Bone and craniofacial effect of obesity. Salud, Barranquilla [online]. 2020, vol.36, n.1, pp.281-297.  Epub May 29, 2021. ISSN 0120-5552.  https://doi.org/10.14482/sun.36.1.616.31.

Obesity, since its worldwide report in 1975 by the World Health Organization; has behaved like a pandemic. Data from 2016 show that 13 % of the adult world population is obese. This pandemic has well-known systemic effects such as high blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, digestive diseases, various types of cancers, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. It also has less investigated and little-known effects, such as maxillary growth, caries and periodontal diseases. There are reports of the effects on bone tissue of obesity, both in osteoblastogenesis and in osteoclastogenesis; in which the adipocytes generate alterations in the levels of the hormone leptin, adiponectin and some cytokines, resulting in a decrease in bone mass.

It is for all of the above, that through a systematic review in the databases: Embase, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SCIELO; using the normalized terms: skull, bone, obesity, growth; and the key words in English: obese, craniofacial, development, morphometry. It was found that the scientific literature shelters different studies in obese individuals, where it has been shown that individuals in the adolescence stage present specific morphological changes such as increased anterior skull base, length of one or both maxillary and increase on the length of the mandibular body.

Keywords : obesity; craniofacial; bone effect.

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