Abstract

LUGO, José et al. Emergency endovascular treatment with endoprosthesis of ruptured dissected aneurysm of thoracic aorta: Report of one case. Rev. Col. Cardiol. [online]. 2007, vol.14, n.5, pp.323-330. ISSN 0120-5633.

Thoracic aortic aneurysms are less common than abdominal aortic aneurysms and can be found in ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta or in a combination of these segments. 30% to 40% of these aneurysms are originated in thoracic descending aorta. In thoracic aortic aneurysms there exists a structural wall weakness that leads to a progressive arterial dilation with eventual rupture or dissection. Approximately 50% of all thoracic aortic aneurysms are atherosclerotic and are the result of arterial restructure and dilation or are due to an abnormal collagen metabolism. Most thoracic aortic aneurysms are only found by chance during other medical problems evaluation. The goal of thoracic aortic aneurysms treatment is the prevention of death due to its rupture. Ruptured risk of untreated aneurysms oscillates between 46% and 74% and mortality rate due to its rupture is extremely high. Large aneurysms, especially when they are greater than 6 cm in diameter are more susceptible of ruptures than smaller aneurysms. Endovascular treatment, initially developed for abdominal aortic aneurysms, was introduced in 1992 as a less invasive alternative to open surgery treatment for descending thoracic aortic aneurysms. Endovascular stent or endoprosthesis is actually getting more attention as an alternative to surgical repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms.

Keywords : aneurysm; stent; endovascular; stent implant; dissection.

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