Introduction:

Aortic valve replacement is currently one of the most common cardiac surgeries, traditionally performed through open-heart surgery (median sternotomy). However, alternative surgical approaches, such as minimally invasive surgery through a mini-median sternotomy and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVI), have been developed.

Objective:

To describe the experience of a cardiovascular center in Tolima regarding aortic valve replacement through different surgical approaches between 2018 and 2021.

Method:

A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed regarding the surgical approach used.

Results:

The population consisted of 131 patients. Degenerative aortic valve disease was observed in 71.7% (n = 94) of cases, followed by congenital cases at 28.2% (n = 37). Regarding the surgical approach, 64.9% (n = 85) underwent open-heart surgery, followed by 24.4% (n = 32) through a minimally invasive approach, and in third place, 10.7% (n = 14) underwent transcatheter replacement. Bivariate analysis revealed that the minimally invasive approach showed better results.

Conclusions:

The open surgical approach is the most commonly implemented; however, the minimally invasive approach should be considered as an option due to its excellent results and a similar economic cost. This approach offers benefits such as reduced postoperative pain and a smaller surgical scar. Transcatheter access is preferred for patients at high surgical risk.

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