Abstract

TORRES DE GALVIS, YOLANDA; AGUDELO-MARTINEZ, ALEJANDRA; SIERRA-HINCAPIE, GLORIA MARÍA  and  SALAS-ZAPATA, CAROLINA. Prevalence of mental disorders in the general population, Itagüí (Colombia) 2012. CES Med. [online]. 2014, vol.28, n.1, pp.49-60. ISSN 0120-8705.

Introduction: Mental disorders represent not only an immense psychological, social and economic burden to society, these also increase the risk of physical illness. Given the current limitations in the effectiveness of treatment modalities to reduce disability due to mental and behavioral disorders, the recommended method to reduce the burden caused by these disorders is prevention. Objective: To determine the prevalence of life and the prevalence of the last 12 months of major psychiatric disorders by sex, population group and geographic area in Itagüi city (Colombia) in 2012. Materials and methods: We conducted a population-representative survey for the city of Itagüi with information gathered through interviews, using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to generate diagnoses of mental health problems. The sample was 896 non-institutionalized persons. Data processing was performed on SAS software version 9.0 and SPSS version 21. Results: The lifetime prevalence for any disorder showed that 22.5 % of the population has suffered or have one or more mental disorders, this proportion was higher for women. The annual prevalence showed that 11.9 % of the study population suffered any mental disorder in the 12 months preceding the survey. According to the group of disorders among adolescents and adults, the prevalence between the two groups were lower in adolescents relative to adults for anxiety disorders, 9.1 % and 6.8 % respectively, the same trend was observed for the group of mood disorders, in adolescents being 2.7 % and 3.7 % in adults, and finally, the behavior of the prevalence of past year presented the highest risk level for districts 4, 5 and 6; passing average risk with lower prevalence for residents of the district 1, 2 and 3. Conclusion: Most prevalent mental disorders for the population studied were those of anxiety and those that are due to psychoactive substance use, for the lifetime prevalence and the prevalence of last year, being more common in women and in adults for anxiety disorders, and in men and teenagers the disorders due to substance use with increased risk for communes 4, 5 and 6 of the city. It is necessary to develop prevention programs with an innovative component and seek impact multiple levels: the environment, the family and individuals

Keywords : Mental health surveys; Mental disorders; Prevalence; Itagüi.

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