Abstract

ROJAS-ROSAS, Luisa Fernanda; FLOREZ, Iván Darío; SIERRA, Javier Mauricio  and  CORNEJO-OCHOA, William. Incidence of meningitis in infants with simple febrile seizures. Experience in a 3th level hospital. Acta Neurol Colomb. [online]. 2013, vol.29, n.4, pp.229-239. ISSN 0120-8748.

Introducction. Febrile seizures (FS) are defined as generalized, self limited crisis lasting less than 15 minutes with no recurrence in 24 hours and without neurological inpairment in the post ictal period. FS are the most common cause for convulsions in patients less than 5 years old. These type of crisis are benign and self-limited . FS Lifetime incidence has been calculated between 2-4% in pediatric population. Objective. To determine the inicidence of meningitis in children under 18 months with first simple febrile seizure (FS). Materials and Methods. A retrospective review of medical records of patients 3 to 18 months of age who visited the emergency room at the Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación (HUSVF) after first episode of simple febrile seizure (FS), between January 2005 and December 2010. Results. We analized 286 clinical records of patients between 3 and 18 months of age with febrile seizures, 79 (27%) were considered a single FS. Fifty-patients were under 12 months of age (63%). Lumbar puncture was performed in 45 children (57%) and there were 6 children with pleocytosis, one of them was considered as bacterial meningitis, and three as aseptic meningitis. Two cases had diagnosis of partially treated meningitis. Children with suspected meningitis had abnormal neurological signs, had previously received antibiotics or had incomplete vaccination. Conclusion. Meningitis in children with simple FS is not frequent and all cases could be detected according to the criteria of the American Academy of Pediatrics to perform lumbar puncture in children who previously received antibiotics, had incomplete vaccination or have positive neurological signs. Routine lumbar puncture in children with simple CF must be discouraged. The current state of pneumococcal infections in Colombia after implementation of immunization 10 serotypes vaccine must be assessed, in order to know the effect of vaccination status on the risk of meningitis in children with FS.

Keywords : Simple febrile seizure; meningitis; lumbar puncture; cerebrospinal fluid; fever; infants (MeSH).

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