INTRODUCTION:

Fungal infections of the central nervous system are increasingly frequent due to the increase in populations at risk. They are mainly opportunistic, and uncommon in non-immunocompromise patients.

CASE PRESENTATION:

A 28-year-old man, without a significant medical and surgical history, consulted the emergency department for refractory headache, accompanied by fever and meningeal signs, a lumbar puncture lead to the subsequent microbiological finding of Candida glabrata in cerebrospinal fluid. Immunocompromise was ruled out, including HIV coinfection, collagen, neoplasms and even lack of immunization during childhood.

DISCUSSION:

About 70,000 formally described fungal species are estimated, of which 300 could show virulence in humans, with multiple forms of presentation in the central nervous system, mainly meningitis, encephalitis, hydrocephalus, brain abscess and stroke, all conditioned due to a predisposing factor or immune status of the host, even considering some degree of immunodeficiency on Toll like receptors, which limit the binding to PAMPs and subsequent progression of infection at the height of the CNS.

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