Objective:

We present the first case of eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) reported in our country in fifty-three years.

Clinical Case:

The patient was 28-year-old white woman with a personal history of atopy, allergic rhinitis, dermatitis and occasional diarrhea and asthma. She had relatives with bronchial asthma and had been admitted to hospitals several times previously. According to the patient, these alterations began at age 17, and she had seen several specialists since that time. Ten months prior to this admission, increasingly severe dysphagia accompanied by chest and abdominal pain, heartburn and weight loss began. Upon physical examination, wheezing was evident in both lung fields. The complete analytical study and imaging tests were all normal. Endoscopy and esophageal biopsy showed elements compatible with eosinophilic esophagitis. Excellent results were obtained from treatment with oral steroids, montelukast and proton pump inhibitors.

Conclusions:

EE is still poorly understood. It is more common in children and young white men, and there is usually a marked atopic component. In adulthood it is manifested by dysphagia and impaction of food. To diagnose EE there must be symptoms of esophageal dysfunction, more than 15 eosinophils per field, lack of response to proton pump inhibitors and exclusion of gastroesophageal reflux. Depending on the case, patients may require multidisciplinary treatment by gastroenterologists, allergists, immunologists and nutritionists.

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