Abstract

OTERO-PATINO, RAFAEL et al. Bothrops bites in Colombia: a multicenter study on the efficacy and safety of Antivipmyn-tri®, a polyvalent antivenom produced in Mexico. Iatreia [online]. 2007, vol.20, n.3, pp.244-262. ISSN 0121-0793.

Introduction: Colombia is a country with two whole IgG antivenom producers, but the expectancy of all the market are not fulfilled by different technical reasons. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a F(ab´)2 polyvalent antivenom produced in Mexico and of a new dosage regimen for Bothrops bites in Colombia. Methods: A clinical trial, including serum venom and antivenom measurements (ELISA), was performed during 9 months in 53 patients. Results: forty four patients were bitten by Bothrops asper in Antioquia and Chocó and 9 by B. atrox in Amazonas; on admission, all of them had nonclottable blood, 30 (56.6%) presented local and 24 (45.3%) systemic bleeding. The final envenoming grade was mild in 13 (24.5%), moderate in 30 (56.6%) and severe in 10 patients (18.9%). At the antivenom doses used in this study (5 vials for mild / moderate and 10 for severe envenoming), Antivipmyn Tri ^® was 100% efficient to decrease significantly serum venom concentrations within the first treatment hour, and to stop local and systemic bleeding within 6-12 hours, 96.2% efficient to restore blood coagulation within 24 hours and 100% within 48 hours. Two patients (3.8%) had recurrence of coagulopathy without bleeding, and there were 12 recurrences of antigenaemia without clinical relevance. Ten (18.9%) patients suffered early mild adverse reactions to fabotherapy. There were no deaths and four patients (7.5%) presented sequelae. Conclusion: at the doses used in this study, Antivipmyn Tri^® was efficient and safe for the treatment of Bothrops bites in Colombia.

Keywords : BOTHROPS ATROX; BOTHROPIC ENVENOMING; BOTHROPS ASPER; COLOMBIA; FABOTHERAPY.

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