Objective:

To describe the factors related to chemical phlebitis in patients diagnosed with cancer undergoing chemotherapeutic treatment.

Methodology:

A systematic review of the literature was carried out, according to recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).

Results:

The factors that increase the risk of chemical phlebitis were: age older than 57 years, female sex, history of cancer, metastatic disease, arterial hypertension, neutropenia, smoking, lymph node emptying, hypoalbuminemia, use of cytotoxic drugs, epirubicin, fosaprepitant, anthracycline and vinorelbine, premixed presentation, dilution in 50 cc of Normal Saline Solution, administration time greater than 60 minutes, catheters of large gauges such as 18 G or 20 G and anatomical location of the catheter in the forearm or antecubital fossa.

Conclusion:

Factors related to chemical phlebitis found in the literature were features inherent to the patient and their treatment. Therefore, some of these are not modifiable.