Abstract

RIVERA VIVIAN, Nelson; PERDOMO, Andrea  and  BARRETO, Guillermo. Polymorphic Frequencies of the Apolypoprotein E Genein Valle del Cauca, Colombia. rev. cienc. [online]. 2015, vol.19, n.1, pp.53-62. ISSN 0121-1935.

The polymorphism of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has shown to be a factor involved in theethiology of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative pathologies. Different isoforms are encoded by three common alleles, E2, E3 and E4. E4 is the main risk factor for the sporadic or late onset type of Alzheimer disease. Because ethnic and racial origins have shown to be determinants for its genotype and considering the Amerindian, Afrodescendent and European contributions to populations in the Valle del Cauca, the purpose of this research was to establish the allelic distribution and genotype frequencies for ApoE gene in Valle del Cauca populations and compare our results with those from other Colombian populations. For this purpose, 183 unrelated mestizo individuals from Valle of Cauca were analysed by PCR-SSP. We observed the following allele frequencies: E2 = 3.0%, E3 = 84.7% and E4 = 12.3 and the genotype frequencies: E3E3 = 71.0%, E3E4 = 21.9%, E2E3 = 5.5%, E2E4= 0.5%, E4E4 = 1.1% and E2E2 = 0%. The studied population showed significantly different frequencies from those reported for Afrodescendent populations from Colombia, while in the most of Amerindian populations studied these frequencies were similar. Moreover, no significant differences were observed with the population from Bogotá or that from the Central-Eastern region of Colombia. In contrast, significant differences were found whit the Quindio´s population. In conclusion, the population genetic structure and composition associated with microevolutionary processes seem to be determinant factors in the distribution of ApoE polymorphisms in Colombia. These results open perspectives to analyse wider ranges of allelic distribution to confirm whether the increase of the E4 allele could be an indicative of population risk for developing diseases such as Alzheimer's and the rare presence of E2 allele in the population and indicative of a lower risk

Keywords : Apolypoprotein E; ApoE polymorphism; ApoE gene allelic and genotypic frequencies; Alzheimer disease en el Valle del Cauca; Colombia.

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