Abstract

GARCIA-CORPAS, José P; MONJE-AGUDO, Patricia; LABRIOLA, Cecilia  and  MORILLO-VERDUGO, Ramón. PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS TO INSOMNIA AND POOR SLEEP IN PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS AT SEVILLE, SPAIN. Vitae [online]. 2013, vol.20, n.3, pp.195-202. ISSN 0121-4004.

Background: Poor sleep quality could have a negative impact on quality of life in general population, and in HIV-infected patients could have a negative influence on adherence to antiretroviral treatment. However, only a few researches have studied the amount of patients VIH-infected that have this sleep disorder. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality and insomnia in HIV⁺ patients in Spain. Method: Cross-sectional study. Subjects aged 18 or older diagnosed with HIV/AIDS and that were participating in a pharmaceutical care program of the Virgen de Valme Hospital of Seville (Spain) were included. All patients completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to measure sleep quality and Insomnia Severity Index to measure severity of insomnia. Associations of factors with sleep quality were determined by multivariate logistic regression. On the other hand, associations of factors with severity of insomnia were found by means of multivariate linear regression. Results: 188 patients were included. Mean age was 45 (SD = 8.4) years, and 78.7% were male. The mean CD4⁺ count was 609.3 (DE = 318.0) and the mean CD8⁺ count was 868.7 (DE = 446.7). Mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score was 7.0 (SD = 4.6). 105 patients (55.9%) were classified as poor sleepers (PSQI > 5). Mean Insomnia Severity Index score was 7.3 (SD = 9.1). 40.9% of the poor sleepers showed moderate or severe insomnia. In patients classified as good sleepers the mean Insomnia Severity Index score was 1.3 (DE = 2.3), whereas in patients classified as bad sleepers mean Insomnia Severity Index score was 12.0 (DE = 9.7) (p < 0.001). 40.9% of bad sleepers had moderate severity or severe insomnia. Correlation (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient) between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score and Insomnia Severity Index score was 0.775 (p < 0.001). Other variables (sex, age, CD4 count, CD8 count) were not related with sleep disorder. Conclusions: The prevalence of poor sleep quality and the prevalence of insomnia, based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Insomnia Severity Index respectively, were higher in HIV/AIDS patients than in general population (around 20%), but it was not related to the treatment adherence.

Keywords : Sleep quality; insomnia; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Insomnia Severity Index; HIV/AIDS.

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