Abstract

PONCE LOPEZ, José Ignacio. A Pacific and Armed Revolution? Change, Struggle, Social and Political Violence During the Venezuela Bolivarian Revolution, 1989-2006. Estud. Polit. [online]. 2015, n.46, pp.33-54. ISSN 0121-5167.

This article historicizes the "Bolivarian Revolution", accounting for the conflictive nature of the process by giving relevance to social and political violence, and considering the latter as having a strategy and political objectives. Venezuela's socio-political development between 1989 and 2006 is contextualized to argue that during this period social and political violence was present, but presented different temporalities and trends depending on the actors involved: the popular movement, the government and the economic and political opposition. After the organic crisis of the eighties the popular movement started the social and political violence. With the arrival of Chavez in the executive, violent actions were politicized and moved to the business opposition, having its threshold between 2002 and 2004. Nevertheless, government repression was reduced, compared to the previous period. This article is based on literature on the process, extracting both qualitative and quantitative data for the analysis.

Keywords : Bolivarian Revolution; Social Change; Conflict; Social Violence; Political Violence; Venezuela.

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