Resumen

CIFUENTES, CHRISTIAN; MARTINEZ, FABIO  y  ROMERO, EDUARDO. THEORETICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL GAIT: A REVIEW. rev.fac.med [online]. 2010, vol.18, n.2, pp.182-196. ISSN 0121-5256.

The human gait is the result of complex interactions between several sub-systems: neuromuscular, musculo-tendinous and osteo-articular, which work together to generate the body dynamics necessary to describe the bipedal movement. In the clinical routine, the gait analysis is the main element for identifying pathological disorders, supporting the diagnosis and facilitating a proper follow up. Traditionally, this analysis aims to establish the set of patterns that describe the dynamics of the system. However, this analysis is insufficient for some movements, especially for early stages of almost every pathological movement. The development of normal and pathological models has allowed to demostrate objective differences for each of these situations. In this article we present a summary of the models that describe the dynamics of the normal and pathological human gait, inspired by the morpho-physiology of the locomotor system. Furthermore, we perform an analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed models in the literature.

Palabras clave : models; gait; biomechanical; biomedical engineering.

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