Resumo

LIBREROS SALCEDO, Luis Felipe; PONCE RAMIREZ, María Alejandra; VELASQUEZ PALOMINO, Alejandro  e  CALERO VALENCIA, Manuel. Kawasaki disease in pediatrics: a case report. Rev. Med [online]. 2022, vol.30, n.1, pp.37-44.  Epub 30-Jun-2023. ISSN 0121-5256.  https://doi.org/10.18359/rmed.6109.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a multisystemic vasculitis that presents in childhood. It is usually an acute, febrile, self-limited disease of unknown etiology and may develop cardiovascular alterations; its clinical expression is variable as it presents inflammation of medium caliber vessels and multiple tissues: pulmonary, meningeal, cardiac, urinary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, neurological or lymphatic. Diagnosis is clinical, and treatment aims to reduce the duration of clinical symptoms and prevent the presence of coronary aneurysms. Objective: to describe the clinical case of an infant patient with KD, in which clinical criteria characteristic of this pathology were identified. Case report: a 22-month-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room with a 14-day evolutionary clinical picture consisting of fever, emetic episodes, abdominal pain, unresponsive to acetaminophen, and diarrheal episodes. Two days later, he manifested generalized exanthema in the inguinal region that spread to the right testicle, back, and thorax. Subseguently, he presented bilateral nonpurulent conjunctivitis for three days. He received treatment with topical steroids and oral antihistamines; partial improvement with subseguent evolution in right testicularedema and bilateral desquamation in hands and feet. KD was suspected, a transthoracic echocardiogram was sent without coronary aneurysmal dilatations, and treatment with ASA was started without indication, given the evolution of immunoglobulin. Conclusions: KD is infrequent in childhood and should be suspected in patients with prolonged febrile symptoms unresponsive to conventional treatments and in whom the presence of other pathologies is ruled out.

Palavras-chave : Kawasaki disease; lymphonodular mucocutaneous syndrome; vasculitis; fever; coronary aneurysms; exanthema.

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