Resumen

DUARTE-VILLA-MARILIA, Rafael A.  y  DE-SOUZA-PIMENTA, Carolina B.. The Long Peace in South America: Questions about the Thesis of Negative Peace in the Region. Pap.polit. [online]. 2016, vol.21, n.2, pp.435-468. ISSN 0122-4409.  https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.papo21-2.lpas.

The article challenges relevant theoretical narratives on the formation of a discourse on negative peace in South America. Methodologically, the article critically analyzes the way in which some epistemologies, especially those from the English School and Liberal Institutionalist perspectives, focus on the construction of negative peace in South America, while the tensions, contradictions and main contributions of such epistemologies are shown. These narratives are then contrasted with empirical developments in the region related to the theme of negative peace. Among the most important findings, the article points out that the traditional narratives about negative peace do not pay attention to empirical research on domestic political and social violence in South America. Such perspectives are strongly oriented by an understanding of peace that continues to favor an interstate narrative on the South American international society. Second, traditional narratives of peace in South America are also challenged when they pay little attention to a not always clear differentiation between security and defense policies. Finally, when examining some international indices on violence and public policies in the South American states, a conceptual ambivalence is perceived because while traditional narratives bring an important contribution when they rescue, analytically and empirically, historical sociology, on the other hand, they exclude a reflection on the impact of social violence on the formation of a “strong state” and the transnational impact of violent non-state groups.

Palabras clave : South America; security; peace; violence; war; conflict.

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