Abstract

OCHOA, Juan Camilo; CHAVARRIAGA, Paul  and  LOPEZ, Camilo. Somatic Embryogenesis and friable embryogenic callus production in two cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Rev. colomb. biotecnol [online]. 2012, vol.14, n.2, pp.20-27. ISSN 0123-3475.

The cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) crop has a very important role as a food, feed and a raw material in developing countries; therefore it is a priority to develop technologies oriented to the solution of problems and agronomic improvement of the crop. The genetic transformation of cassava was developed 15 years ago by producing friable embryogenic callus (FEC) from somatic embryos as target tissue for transformation. In the present work we evaluated the induction of somatic embryos by using three different synthetic auxins and the production of FEC from both SG107-35 and BRA685 cassava cultivars; both are resistant to cassava bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis, the most important bacterial disease affecting the crop. Our results showed that in both cultivars gave rise to somatic embryos in media containing Picloram at a concentration of 12 mg/l being more efficient than using 2,4-D or Dicamba. Additionally the cultivar BRA685 produced regenerative FEC giving rise to plants through somatic embryogenesis. However compared to the model cultivar 60444, FEC production was greatly lower. This work shows new efforts to increase the number of transformable cultivars of cassava and take advantage of the enormous genetic variability of the crop.

Keywords : Picloram; regeneration.

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