Abstract

MURCIA ORDONEZ, Betselene et al. Characterization of Biodiesel obtained from waste cooking oil. Rev. colomb. biotecnol [online]. 2013, vol.15, n.1, pp.61-70. ISSN 0123-3475.

There was performed a physical and chemical analysis to the following types of oils: waste oil taken from chicken steakhouses, waste oil from houses and clean oil taken from the local market at Florencia, Caquetá (Colombia). There were evaluated the following parameters: specific weight, iodine value, saponification value, refractive index, moisture and volatile matter, melting point insoluble impurities acid, specific extinction coefficient k_232< and k₂₇₀ values, color and Kreiss test. Also, there were evaluated the UV-VIS spectra for the three types of oil studied. There were tested seven different types of catalysts for the transesterification reaction, maintaining the same ratio of catalyst for all cases: oil 38:190(v/v), reaction time (2 h) and reaction temperature (60 °C). There was achieved biodiesel yields of 75.8% discarded oil using KOH 1.269%w/v/99%MeOH; 87.50% wasted oil with KOH 0.537% w/v/99%MeOH and 86.60% fresh oil using KOH 0.457% w/v/MeOH99%. For the biodiesel obtained, in each case, was determined specific gravity, refractive index, moisture and volatile matter, sulfated ash, carbon residue, corrosion to the copper foil and fatty acid profile. In all cases, there was a predominance of palmitic, stearic and oleic acids in the waited and discarded oils. From the chromatography gases analysis with the mass spectrometry was established that the total content of fatty acid methyl esters was 98.38 % for biodiesel taken from waste oil; 99.53% for biodiesel taken from wasted oil and 97,69% for biodiesel taken from clean oil.

Keywords : biodiesel; fatty acid; transesterification; wasted oils.

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