Abstract

MORALES PALACIO, María Natalia et al. Morphological characterization and resistance evaluation to Fusarium oxysporum in wild species Solanum genera Lycopersicon section. Rev. colomb. biotecnol [online]. 2014, vol.16, n.1, pp.62-73. ISSN 0123-3475.  https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v16n1.38259.

In order to evaluate the morphological variation and Fusarium oxysporum resistance in the National University of Loja (UNL) genebank collection, 146 wild accessions of four species were selected (Solanum pimpinellifolium, S. neorickii, S. habrochaites , S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) and 20 accessions of cultivated tomato (S. lycopersicum). For a total of 723 seedlings were transplanted to the field and evaluated morphologically throughout its life cycle, with a descriptor that included 20 quantitative and 25 qualitative characters. Morphological variability was estimated were detected phenotypic differences related the fruit, plant vegetative characteristics and yield components. Morphological variables showed that S. habrochaites is the most differentiated with respect to the others. Vascular rot caused by F. oxysporum is responsible for huge losses in tomato production in the world, but the wild species that gave rise to the cultivated varieties have agronomic interest genes used for decades to generate resistant varieties. Therefore, between 64 and 228 individuals per species were evaluated for three inoculation procedures. All species were significantly different between levels of resistance, susceptibility or tolerance. S. neorickii was more resistant and tolerant, followed by S. pimpinellifolium and S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme, while all cultivars (S. lycopersicum) were susceptible. Such circumstances allowed undoubtedly determine that survivors and tolerant plants have a particular genotype that determines the characteristic.

Keywords : Ecuador; tomatoe; tolerance; susceptibility; inoculation.

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