Resumo

ALVAREZ-MARQUEZ, Donovan Enrique; BERNAL-GONZALEZ, Marisela  e  DURAN-DOMINGUEZ-DE-BAZUA, María del Carmen. Main sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) present in anaerobic reactors fed with acid effluents, a review. Rev. colomb. biotecnol [online]. 2022, vol.24, n.1, pp.62-76.  Epub 02-Set-2022. ISSN 0123-3475.  https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v24n1.100963.

In this bibliographical research, reports were found on a great variety of species responsible for precipitating four metals of interest (Cu, Pb, Zn and Fe). In most of the investigations, not only the precipitation of these metals is considered, but also that of other elements that are present in each effluent studied. The items mentioned here have a direct relationship with the effluent from the flotation unit operation. They provide knowledge about the sulfate-reduction process, understanding the mechanism through microorganisms with specific characteristics, especially their versatility as they develop in different ecosystems. It is shown that several species, such as Desulfobacter or Desulfovibrio, are common because they have relatively simple conditions to develop. Sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) are efficient in reducing the acidity of water (from the flotation unit operation of a mine, kitchens, ocean currents, etc.). They are also used to precipitate different elements since they do not require any external agent except on rare occasions when a catalyst must act. There is research on the nutrients that should be added to increase its activity. The research reports reviewed identified the variables to control to obtain good results in the removal of metals and less impact on the environment. The development of projects that take into account a natural system, such as anaerobic degradation, is of great importance in order to reach a point where technology and the environment can complement each other, achieving necessary consumer goods for the population without causing irreparable damage to nature.

Palavras-chave : Sulfate-reducing microorganisms; water treatment; acid mine drainage.

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