Abstract

LAGOS SAN MARTIN, Nelly Gromiría et al. Differences in school anxiety according to sex and academic year in elementary school students. Psicol. caribe [online]. 2018, vol.35, n.3, pp.242-251. ISSN 0123-417X.  https://doi.org/10.14482/psdc.35.3.152.46.

The literature reports that the prevalence of anxiety in childhood has increased exponentially during the last decades, generating with it the need to permanently monitor emotional states mainly in children and thus avoid the difficulties of this problem. The objective was to establish differences in school anxiety according to gender and academic course in Chilean students of basic education. The sample consisted of 3212 students from 30 schools in Ñuble, in Chile, 1639 girls and 1573 children and ages between 8 and 15 years (M = 10,05, DT = 1,01), school anxiety was evaluated with the School Anxiety Inventory for children of Elementary Education, which evaluates three response systems (cognitive, behavioral and psychophysiological), and four situational factors (anxiety about social assessment, anxiety about evaluation and school failure, school punishment and anxiety about victimization). The results indicate that girls have significantly higher anxiety levels than boys, although of small magnitude. Regarding the academic year, there are statistically significant differences between 4th and 5th, between 4th and 6th and between 5th and 6th year. These results corroborate those obtained in previous research and alert about the permanence of them over time.

Keywords : school anxiety; gender differences; elementary education.

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