Resumen

JARMA OROZCO, Alfredo; CARDONA AYALA, Carlos  y  ARAMENDIZ TATIS, Hermes. EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE PHYSIOLOGY OF CROP PLANTS: A REVIEW. rev.udcaactual.divulg.cient. [online]. 2012, vol.15, n.1, pp.63-76. ISSN 0123-4226.

To analyze the effects of climate change on plant physiology is necessary to consider various environmental factors and their interaction with physiological process. The objective of this review is to present the current knowledge of research related to climate change effects on plant physiology. This review covers the effects of increased CO₂, temperature, water (water deficit and excess water) and ozone on growth and development of various crop species. The temperature increase will generate problems of genetic erosion and lead to the extinction of many plant species, high temperatures can adversely affect photosynthesis, respiration, water relations and membrane stability, hormone regulation and secondary metabolism plants. Net photosynthesis increases gradually with the increase of CO₂, especially in C₃ species, but at high temperatures is reduced because of increased photorespiration. Exposure to ozone (O₃) reduces stomata diffusion, the photosynthetic rate, affects the partition of assimilates and generally reduces plant growth.

Palabras clave : Climate variability; temperature; carbon dioxide; water; ozone.

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