Resumen

PRATO SARMIENTO, Andrés Iván; GIULIANI, Julio Cesar  y  DUTRA DE SOUZA, Paulo Vítor. MORFOLOGA DE FRUTOS E SEMENTES DE PORTA-ENXERTOS DE CITROS CULTIVADOS EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO. rev.udcaactual.divulg.cient. [online]. 2016, vol.19, n.1, pp.17-24. ISSN 0123-4226.

The environment the crop can influence the morphology of the fruit, as well as the time of germination and the viability of the seeds, for obtaining the citrus rootstocks. The objetive of this work was to determine the morphological characteristics of the fruits, and the germination performance of the seeds of seven cultivars of citrus rootstocks cultivated in a greenhouse. The rootstocks evaluated were: citranger 'FEPAGRO C13', 'FEPAGRO C37' and 'Troyer' (Poncirus trifoliata [L.] Raf. x Citrus sinensis [L.] Osb.), 'Sunki' mandarin (Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tan.), lemon 'Volkamer' (Citrus volkameriana Ten. & Pasq.), trifoliate (P. trifoliata) and citrumelo 'Swingle' (P. trifoliata x Citrus paradisi). A completely randomized design was used, with tree repetitions of 13 fruits per cultivar. Fruit diameter, length and mass were measured. Number of viable seeds and fruits by harvest box (25kg) was calculated. The viable seeds of these fruits were put in a germination and a growth B.O.D type chamber. The citrumelo 'Swingle' produced larger and heavier fruit, while the tangerine 'Sunki' produced the smallest fruit, and the other cultivars produced fruits with a pattern between the two. It takes 87,7 of citrumelo fruit 'Swingle' to fill a harvest box and more than 1.051,7 of tangerine fruit 'Sunki' to fill the same volume. The mandarin seeds 'Sunki' and lemon seeds 'Volkamer' showed a higher germination speed compared to other rootstocks, with a 75% of germination after 30 days of the sowing. Mother plants of citrus rootstocks grown in greenhouses produce viable seeds with a high germination power, close to 80%.

Palabras clave : Propagation system; germination; citriculture; greenhouse.

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