Abstract

PEREZ CORDERO, Alexander; VITOLA ROMERO, Deimer  and  CHAMORRO ANAYA, Leonardo. ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF BASIL (Ocimum basilicum) AGAINST Colletotrichum gloeosporioides OF YAM (Discorea alata). rev.udcaactual.divulg.cient. [online]. 2018, vol.21, n.1, pp.99-108. ISSN 0123-4226.  https://doi.org/10.31910/rudca.v21.n1.2018.667.

Essential oils of aromatic herbs have in recent years become a great biological tool for controlling diseases caused by pathogenic organisms. Therefore, in this research the inhibitory activity of essential oils of fresh leaves of Ocimum basilicum L. against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz was evaluated in vitro agent causing the anthracnose in yam crops of the department of Sucre, Colombia. The leaves of O. basilicum were collected in the municipalities of Sincelejo, La Unión and Sampués in the months of september and october 2014; for the extraction of the essential oils, fresh leaves were used using the microwave assisted hydrodistillation method, concentrations of 1ppm, 1000ppm, 3000ppm, 5000ppm and 10000ppm of each essential oil were prepared, an absolute control, a control positive with benomil 2,5g/L and a negative control. A block design with factorial arrangement was employed. In the inhibitory activity the direct surface sowing test was used and was expressed as percentage of antifungal index. The highest percentages of % I.A of these essential oils collected in the three municipalities were observed at a concentration of 10000ppm, with an inhibition value of 100%. The inhibitory activity of essential oils did not show significant differences when compared to the benomyl positive control. The chemical characterization of essential oils was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, showing eugenol as the major constituent in each of the oils analyzed.

Keywords : Biological control; fungus; food; medicinal plants..

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