Abstract

RUEDA, César Mauricio; VELILLA, Paula Andrea; ROJAS, Mauricio  and  RUGELES, María Teresa. cAMP: A keymolecule in events of immune regulation and in the control of HIV replication. Infect. [online]. 2012, vol.16, n.1, pp.59-71. ISSN 0123-9392.

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate induces the activation of protein kinase A, which negatively regulates activation, proliferation and IL-2 production in T cells. In cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus, cyclic adenosine monophosphate suppresses the transcriptional activity of long terminal repeats and the amount of viral DNA from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. The increase in cyclic adenosine monophosphate mediated by CD4+ regulatory T cells, using either the influx of this molecule in target cells through the GAP junctions or by CD39-CD73 to generate adenosine, is used by CD4+ regulatory T cells to suppress other cell populations. In this review, we suggest that modulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate by CD4+ regulatory T cells may have a dual role during the evolution of human immunodeficiency virus infection. The beneficial role would be mainly focused on the control of viral replication and transcription factors to replicate the virus, and/or preventing the infection of new target cells, decreasing the expression of the viral co-receptors. Paradoxically to this beneficial role, the second possibility is that increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate could have a detrimental role, due to the negative effect on proliferation, activation, cytotoxic response and cytokine production, which occurs during viral infection.

Keywords : Cyclic AMP; HIV; T cells; virus replication; Gap junctions; adenosine.

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