Objective:

To determine the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics of early infections in transplant patients in a quaternary care hospital.

Materials and methods:

A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed using the database transplant center and the medical records of transplant patients.The study included transplant patients who acquired infection in the first month after transplant. The data analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 statistical software, descriptive and association measures (chi squared and Fisher exact test) were calculated.

Results:

The study included 53 transplant patients. The prevalence of early infections was 24.7%. The prevalence according to the type of transplant were: 50% in combined liver-kidney transplantation, 33,3% in intestine, 28,8% in liver and 21,6% in kidney transplantation. The most frecuent infections were: urinary tract infection (43.4 %), bacteremia (26,4%) and surgical site infection (22,6%). Bacterial infections were the most predominant (88,6 %), followed by fungal (7,5%) and viral infections (3,7%). The most frecuent microorganisms were Escherichia coli (60,4%) , Klebsiella pneumoniae (17%), and Staphylococcus aureus (5,7%). 41,5% of

microorganisms evidenced multidrug resistance, Escherichia coli (54,5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (40,9 %), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers ( ESBL).

Conclusions:

Bacterial infections were the most frecuent, mostly associated with health care, with higher prevalence of urinary tract infection and a high percentage of multidrug resistance.

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