Abstract

JOHANNA, Muñoz; INDIANA, Bustos; CONSTANZA, Quintero  and  ALEJANDRO, Giraldo. Risk factors for some congenital anomalies in Colombian population. Rev. salud pública [online]. 2001, vol.3, n.3, pp.268-282. ISSN 0124-0064.

The frequency of congenital anomalies varies among regions, races and through the time. In Colombia the knowledge of this topic is scarce and limited, particularly the knowledge about the causes of these pathologies that can be of genetic origin, environmental origin, or a combination of both causes. This study was performed with data collected from mothers of newborn babies with birth defects, and mothers of normal control babies, in hospitals from Bogotá, Neiva and Cartagena , from 1982 to 1993, under the methodology of ECLAMC-VERACC. Possible risk factors considered were: familial antecedent of a first-degree relative with congenital anomaly, maternal age and during the gestational period, metrorrhagia, acute diseases, chronic diseases, ingestion of medicines, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, exposure to physical factors, immunization and pesticides, only during first trimester. The data were examined following a Stepwise Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis. Four particular congenital anomalies were possible to be analyzed due to their enough number of affected individuals, show up significant statistical differences among cases and control individuals and due also to its clinical relevance. These anomalies are: cleft lip with or without cleft palate, polidactily, Down syndrome and varus deformity.

Keywords : Congenital anomalies; birth defects; risk factors.

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