Abstract

PINEROS AYALA, Rafael  and  ALEJANDRO RAYRAN-CORTES, Manuel. The War in Ukraine: Between Security, Energy Geopolitics and International Sanctions. Desafíos [online]. 2023, vol.35, n.spe, e3.  Epub Mar 21, 2024. ISSN 0124-4035.  https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/desafios/a.13194.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine began on February 24, 2022 and is still ongoing, generating impacts at different levels and with different degrees of intensity both in Europe and in other regions. This crisis cannot be disjointed from the first invasion carried out by Russia in February 2014: rather they are directly related, generating on this occasion a more unpredictable and truly systemic crisis. This article uses a wide range of categories or axioms of contemporary realism, as well as a review of primary and secondary sources, to point out the main security and geopolitical implications, the energy impact, and to discuss the use of economic and financial sanctions as a weapon of war in the old continent, mainly by the United States, the European Union and Russia.

Keywords : United States; European Union; Russia; Ukraine; security; geopolitics; international sanctions.

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