Resumo

VERA PUERTO, Ismael Leonardo; ROJAS ARREDONDO, Mauricio; CHAVEZ YAVARA, Wladimir  e  ARRIAZA TORRES, Bernardo Tomás. ASSESSMENT OF FILTERING MATERIALS FOR WATER REUSE IN AGRICULTURE OF TREATED WASTEWATER FROM ARID AREAS. Cienc. Ing. Neogranad. [online]. 2016, vol.26, n.1, pp.5-19. ISSN 0124-8170.  https://doi.org/10.18359/rcin.1633.

This study was aimed to evaluate Sand (A), Activated Charcoal (CA) and Zeolite (Z) as filter materials to assess their effect on agricultural water reuse of municipal treated wastewater coming from arid environments. For this, it was built 7 filtration columns: a) column 1, 100 % of Z, b) column 2, 100 % of CA coming from A, c) column 3, 100 % of CA coming from B, d) column 4, 100 % of A, e) column 5, 50 % of Z above 50 % of CA, f) column 6, 50 % of A above 50 % of CA, and g) column 7, 50 % of Z above 50 % of A. In influent and effluents were evaluated the following parameters, Boron (B), Chloride (Cl^-), Sulfate (SO₄^-2), Calcium (Ca⁺²), Electrical Conductivity (EC), pH, Temperature (T), besides a group of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb y Zn). The results showed that Activated Charcoal (coming from A or B) removes Boron to concentrations below 0.75 mg/L. However, during initial stage (first two weeks) effluents from Activated Charcoal filters showed EC above 2.5 dS/m and pH above 8.4. Probably these effluents will bring problems in water reuse for irrigation in crops. In the case of Sand, lixiviation problems with Arsenic and Sodium were defined. This lixiviation problem was associated to material's origin. By contrast, the Zeolite is the only material with potential use as filter to remove salinity. The Zeolite (no mixing with other filter material) was able to reduce by up to 20 % the value of the EC without negative effect in any other water quality parameter evaluated in this study. In addition, Zeolite did not show any saturation problem during operational time. In the case of columns with different materials, synergy effect is not present for removal of the different water quality parameters evaluated in this study.

Palavras-chave : Municipal wastewater; sand; activated charcoal; filtration; salinity; zeolite.

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