Resumo

VELASQUEZ POMAR, Diana Cristina  e  SANCHEZ DE PRAGER, Marina. EFFECT OF VINASSE ON ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN A MOLLISOL OF CAUCA VALLEY (COLOMBIA). Rev. Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellín [online]. 2011, vol.64, n.1, pp.5755-5767. ISSN 0304-2847.

In order to reduce environmental pollution, a mix of ethanol gasoline has been used; however, the ethanol production generates vinasse, a pollutant in water. Because vinasse has a high concentration of K and has the potential as fertilizer, the "Ingenios azucareros" of Cauca Valley (Colombia), have begun research to improve the productivity and vinasse effects on chemical and physical soil properties. There are few publications about vinasse's effect on biological properties, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In order to know if AMF are affected by vinasse, white corn (Zea mays L. SV1127) was grown in a Pachic Haplustolls of a Cauca Valley with potassium deficient, under greenhouse conditions. A completely randomized design was established with 5 treatments: one control and 4 with vinasse:KCl in a ratio of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50 and 0:100 proportions. The external mycelium length (EML), activity of external mycelium (AEM), easily extractable glomalin (EEG) and total glomalin (TG) were estimated 36 and 70 days after sowing. With the exception of EEG, the other variables were significantly affected by treatments. The results indicate that to supply K deficiency through vinasse or KCl, increased significantly EML (maximum value 10,4 m•g^-1 with 100% vinasse) and AEM (between 50 - 62%). TG was sensitive to the source of K (organic or inorganic) and depressed by 100 % KCl. Increases in biological activity could be related with effects of vinasse on EML and AEM. Studies indicate that fertility gradients affect TG, related to rates of decomposition of this molecule.

Palavras-chave : Soil; biofuel; external mycelium AMF; glomalin.

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