Resumen

MANZANO, Patricia et al. Larvicidal activity of ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica against Aedes aegypti larvae. Rev. Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellín [online]. 2020, vol.73, n.3, pp.9315-9320. ISSN 0304-2847.  https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v73n3.80501.

Aedes aegypti is a mosquito that carries dengue virus, yellow fever and other diseases transmitted to humans. Organophosphorus larvicides are used to control the proliferation of this mosquito, which has generated a high degree of resistance; hence, new alternatives such as bio-larvicides formulated with plant extracts are of great interest. The aims of this study were to evaluate the ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica leaves as a larvicide against Aedes aegypti and to determine the main compounds present in it by GC-MS. In the assay, three concentrations of ethanolic extract were used (10 mg L-1, 20 mg L-1, and 50 mg L-1). This was performed thrice against a positive control (commercial larvicide: spores and endotoxic crystals of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis Serotype H-14) and negative control (water). After 72 h of incubation, it was observed higher larval mortality (93%) in the ethanolic extract at a concentration of 50 mg L-1; the extracts at 10 mg L-1 and 20 mg L-1 shown larval mortality of 47% and 70%, respectively. The majority compound determined by the GC-MS analysis was phytol (14.4% area). The results obtained in this study demonstrated the larvicidal potential of the ethanolic extract of A. indica against larvae of A. aegypti.

Palabras clave : Bio-larvicide; Crude ethanolic extract; GC-MS; Mosquito; Neem; Phytol.

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