Abstract

PARDO-RODRIGUEZ, Daniel Andrés et al. Chemical and ethnobotanical study of Croton leptostachyus. Rev. acad. colomb. cienc. exact. fis. nat. [online]. 2014, vol.38, n.149, pp.356-363. ISSN 0370-3908.

In this study we established the traditional use given by the community of the municipality of Gigante, Huila, Colombia, to the plant species Croton leptostachyus, known by the common name of "mosquero". We also checked the information from the phytochemical study of the plant. Ten villages located between 0 and 1200 MASL were selected to implement the statistical tool, as well as to collect plant material used in the determination of the major groups of secondary metabolites and bioactivity. We found that C. leptostachyus bioaccumulates phytophenols, saponins and carbohydrates in the different plant structures: Leaves appear to be collection centers mainly of terpenoid, flavonoid and saponin compounds while the root bioaccumulates iridoids and alkaloids. Ethanol was the most suitable solvent to extract the phytoconstituents. The plant extracts did not show activity against the bacteria species Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella stiphymurium, Staphylococcus aureus and the yeast Candida albicans; however, the ethanol extract of the stem inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum by 58.6% to 10,000 mg/L, and the root extract by 97.5%. On the other hand, the ethanol extract of the stem and root significantly inhibited the radial growth of Aspergillus niger, with inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 11,883 ± 1,132 and 935 ± 30 mg/L, respectively, and caused damage even in the fungal structures.

Keywords : Croton leptostachyus; mosquero; ethnobotany; secondary metabolites; bioactivity.

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