Abstract

GANTIVA, Carlos; GUERRA MUNOZ, Pedro  and  VILA CASTELLAR, Jaime. Differences Between Genders in Motivation, Dependence and Craving for Cigarette Smoking in University Students. Pensam. psicol. [online]. 2017, vol.15, n.2, pp.55-65. ISSN 1657-8961.  https://doi.org/10.11144/Javerianacali.PPSI15-2.dsmd.

Objective. Identify gender relations and differences in motivation for change, dependency level, and craving for cigarette smoking in a sample of college students. Method. A total of 936 students were selected, randomly stratified by races and semesters, who were evaluated for history of tobacco use, dependency level, craving, motivation and change processes. Results. 25.9% of the sample that reported consuming tobacco, showed low levels of motivation for change and dependence. We identified greater use of experiential cognitive processes in the early stages of change (ps <0.03) and increased use of behavioral processes in the final stages of change (ps <0.02). The correlation between level of dependence and motivation to change was negative and significant (r = -0.321, p <0.01), and positive between dependence level and consumer craving (r = 0.417, p <0.01). There were no significant correlations between craving for consumption and motivational stage. No difference was found between the sexes in any of the variables. Conclusion. The construction of motivation to change is characterized by the use of cognitive processes and the consolidation of motivation by the use of behavioral processes.

Keywords : Tobacco; motivation; dependency; cognitive processes; craving.

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