Resumo

DEL REY FAJARDO, José. Marco conceptual para comprender el estudio de la arquitectura en las misiones jesuíticas en la América colonial. Apuntes [online]. 2007, vol.20, n.1, pp.8-33. ISSN 1657-9763.

This paper pretends to offer a conceptual framework that enables the understanding of the Jesuit contribution to the architecture of the missions in Spanish America. The paper consists of six parts. The first of them opens with the commitment of the Compañía de Jesús to the Spanish monarchy: the missioner must convert the indigenous into subject of the king of Spain, into citizen of a municipality, provide him with the language of Castilla and make him a son of the Catholic Church. The second explains the double Jesuit offer to the American societies. Firstly, the -Republic of the arts- for the education through Indian schools and universities. Secondly, the "Christian Republic", whose ideological structure tried to guarantee the "production" of civilized people. This way, the entire process is studied, from settlement to implementation of culture. In a fourth part, in order to understand the Jesuit as the architect of a great missionary project. A fifth part is dedicated to explaining the tenacity with which the members of the Compañía de Jesús tried to enter American history through what resulted to be a project of building future; the willingness to bring the earlier experiences of Paraguay to the previously unknown lands in the heart of South America. Finally, the paper concludes with the Jesuit philosophy of art, since it is in the memory, the symbols and the formal language of every town and society that we find the instruments that enable us to analyze, to imagine, to believe, to create, to decide, to love and to resist.

Palavras-chave : Missions; Republic of Arts; Christian Republic; Missionary; Utopia; Art.

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