Abstract

RODRIGUEZ-PINTO, MARÍA-DELVALLE, et al. Trichoderma spp.vascular wilt biocontroller (Fusarium spp.) of eggplant in the Colombian Caribbean. Rev.Bio.Agro [online]. 2021, vol.19, n.2, pp.158-169.  Epub June 30, 2021. ISSN 1692-3561.  https://doi.org/10.18684/bsaa.v19.n2.2021.1847.

Eggplant is a solanacea affected by Vascular Wilt (VW) associated with Fusarium oxysporum f sp melongena that destroys vascular tissue, causing chlorosis and finally plant death, generating losses between 70 and 90 % of production in established crops of the department. from Córdoba, Colombia. The objective was to identify native strains of Trichoderma spp. for the biocontrol of Fusarium spp, in eggplant. Five strains of Trichoderma spp were isolated from the field: TC05, TM04, TS03, TC02, TM01 and five strains of Fusarium spp: FM01, FS02, FC03, FC04, FS05, in the laboratory using dual cultures under a completely randomized design (CRD) with five repetitions in a 5x6 factorial arrangement, where the first factor corresponded to the strains of Fusarium spp. and the second to the strains of Trichoderma spp. and a control, was measured to the strains of Fusarium spp. the diameter of the colony to determine the percentage of inhibition and the biocontrol efficiency of Trichoderma spp. being the TC05 strain the best to inhibit between 73 and 91,2 % the five strains of Fusarium spp; Subsequently, at home mesh, the biocontrol of VW was evaluated under a completely randomized design with five treatments and nine repetitions, pre-inoculating eggplant seedlings with strain TC05 in doses 1x108, 1x107, 1x106 CFU mL-1, a commercial strain of Trichoderma spp. dose 1x108 CFU mL-1 and a control (control with water), and 10 days after inoculation (DAI) with the strain FS02. The results at 45 DAI, the leaf disease indices and the vascular discoloration index were lower with Trichoderma spp, compared to the control with an incidence of 45 % with VW. It is concluded that the native strain TC05 has the potential to be used in the integrated management of the VW of eggplant in Córdoba, Colombia.

Keywords : Pathogen; Inoculum; Antagonism; Strain; Dual culture; In vitro; Biocontrol efficiency; Disease index; Radial growth; Solanaceae.

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