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Revista Ciencias de la Salud
versión impresa ISSN 1692-7273
Resumen
RINCON-SOCHA, Práxedes Isabel; DEL RIESGO PRENDES, Lilia; IBANEZ-PINILLA, Milcíadez y RODRIGUEZ-TORRES, Viviana. Risk Factors Associated with the Diagnosis of Perinatal Asphyxia at Méderi University Hospital, Bogotá, 2010-2011. Rev. Cienc. Salud [online]. 2017, vol.15, n.3, pp.345-356. ISSN 1692-7273. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.6118.
Introduction:
Hypoxemia due to fetal or obstetric complications causes perinatal asphyxia and brain injury among newborn babies. Between 15-20% of those affected die during the neonatal period and 25% of those who survive have permanent neurological deficits. Objective: To determine risk factors for the antepartum, intrapartum, and neonatal periods associated with perinatal asphyxia among newborns at Méderi University Hospital in Bogotá in 2010-2011.
Materials and Methods:
Case-matched controls by date of birth with a ratio of 1:5 (51:306). Cases of perinatal asphyxia were diagnosed as established by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Associations were assessed using the Chi-square Mantel-Haenszel test or Fisher for paired data with odds ratio and confidence interval of 95 %, multivariate analysis with conditional logistic regression model.
Results:
The risk factors with significant association previous to birth were: Maternal medical history and primigestation. Intrapartum: Placental abruption, hemorrhage of the third quarter, oligohydramnios, fetal tachycardia, abnormal intrapartum fetal monitoring, prolonged expulsive stage, maternal fever, maternal convulsions, chorioamnionitis, and fetal bradycardia. Fetal: gestational age equal or Ballard <36 weeks, instrumented birth, bleeding or meconium-stained amniotic fluid, nuchal cord and birth weight equal to or <2500 grams. Underlined factors and hypertensive syndrome associated with pregnancy were significant in multivariate analysis.
Conclusions:
The early recognition and control of risk factors should contribute to decrease the probability of perinatal asphyxia among newborns.
Palabras clave : Perinatal asphyxia; hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; risk factors; perinatal morbidity; and perinatal mortality.