Introduction:

The concept of adherence recognizes that not all patients passively accept treatment and suggests a more horizontal relationship between patients and healthcare personnel. The objective of this study was to identify an explanatory model, motives, and practices to ensure treatment adherence in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico.

Materials and methods:

The study was conducted in accordance to the Grounded Theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients who attend specialized public services for HIV.

Results:

The patients construct an explanatory model that parsimoniously integrates knowledge regarding HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy, and adherence; it is based on both the information received by patients from healthcare services and their experience with the condition. The model is also linked to motives, such as maintaining health, staying alive, and taking care of oneself for others, that promote adherence.

Conclusion:

The explanatory model and motives guide the development of pharmacological and non-pharmacological adherence-promoting practices. Healthcare services need to address these elements for the promotion of adherence over time.

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