Abstract

HERNANDEZ RODRIGUEZ, Juan Camilo. Do ὄντος and λόγος Correspond Each Other? The Fundamental Question of Greek Metaphysics. Eidos [online]. 2020, n.33, pp.16-51.  Epub May 22, 2021. ISSN 1692-8857.

Could the knowledge/thought (λόγος) we have about the things (τὰ ὄντα) that surround us be real, or is it only an appearance? In this article, the problem of reality (understood as truth) for ancient philosophers will be addressed as a correspondence between τὸ ὄν (what things are) and λόγος (what is said/thought) as a key element in the conception of Greek metaphysics. Using this as a starting point, it will be explored why the Greeks need to set out φύσις (nature) as a whole (τὸ ὅλον) and to begin the search of an immanence theory from a logical analysis of the argument of diverse ancient philosophers (from Parmenides to Sextus Empiricus). Finally, it will also be shown how skepticism tears down this correspondence and is even able to establish boundaries to reason in order to access the truth. This allowed to expose the necessity to make a transition from an immanent metaphysics to a transcendent one.

Keywords : Being; thought; language; metaphysics; reality.

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