Abstract

PENA-QUINONES, Andrés Javier; VALENCIA-ARBELAEZ, Julián Andrés  and  RAMIREZ-CARABALI, Carolina. CHARACTERIZATION OF "EL NIÑO" AND "LA NIÑA" EFFECT ON RAINFALL ON THE COLOMBIAN COFFEE GROWING REGION. Luna Azul [online]. 2014, n.39, pp.89-104. ISSN 1909-2474.

The climate is and will continue to be the principal variable that dominates the growth and development of plants. Rain, specially its accumulation in a given period of time, has direct effect on the physiology and the development of crops, while the way in which precipitation is distributed throughout the year has a significant effect on production. Unlike other studies that focus in evaluating the effect of climatic variability generators on the accumulation of rain, this study aimed to determine the effect of "El Niño" and "La Niña" on the average behavior of intra-annual precipitation in the Colombian coffee region. Daily rainfall data from 80 weather stations with 25 years of continuous records that are part of National Federation of Colombian Coffee Growers were used as well as statistical conglomeration in order to to group zones in which the effect of "El Niño" and "La Niña" is similar. Four groups that synthesize four types of effects of these modulators on the rain of the coffee region were found. The results show that the departments that have a major threat caused by these phenomena are Caldas, Quindío, Risaralda, Tolima and the northern area of the country.

Keywords : ENSO; coffee; ONI; multivariate analysis.

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