Resumo

LOPERA ECHAVARRIA, Juan Diego. Psychoanalitical Pshycotherapy. CES Psicol [online]. 2017, vol.10, n.1, pp.83-98. ISSN 2011-3080.  https://doi.org/10.21615/cesp.10.1.6.

This paper aims to analyze one of the most important practices of the psychoanalytic orientation: psychotherapy, as a possible answer, among others, to the question about the connections between psychology and psychoanalysis. A background of psychotherapy is presented, and it is set up a definition of its concept. In addition, two main categories are discussed (ascetical and symptomal), in order to understand better the psychotherapeutic purposes. Some similarities and differences are established departing from three categories in which psychotherapeutic approaches are located: 1) the psychological knowledge and the transfer of information to the consultant 2) the therapeutic relationship and 3) the transmission of an analytical attitude to the patient. This paper arose from a pluralistic and non-dogmatic point of view in order to establish both similarities (overall) and differences (particularities) in psychotherapeutic approaches. It is shown how psychotherapy dates back to the philosophical tradition of soul caring (therapeuein heauton), both in a specific sense (symptomal) and an overall sense (subjective ascesis).It is considered that the focus of the symptomal psychotherapies does not prevent an exhaustive revision of the patient’s life. This article favors the different approaches for the psychotherapeutic work, that one based on the transmission of an (analytical) attitude as a way to face one’s life; in consequence, it takes distance from the conception of clinical psychology as the application of psychological knowledge to the clinical domain.

Palavras-chave : Psychotherapy; Psychoanalysis; Ascetic; Symptomal.

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